In vitro effects of thiazolides on Giardia lamblia WB clone C6 cultured axenically and in coculture with Caco2 cells

Müller, Joachim; Rühle, Géraldine; Müller, Norbert; Rossignol, Jean-François; Hemphill, Andrew (2006). In vitro effects of thiazolides on Giardia lamblia WB clone C6 cultured axenically and in coculture with Caco2 cells. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 50(1), pp. 162-70. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology 10.1128/AAC.50.1.162-170.2006

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The thiazolides represent a novel class of anti-infective drugs, with the nitrothiazole nitazoxanide [2-acetolyloxy-N-(5-nitro 2-thiazolyl) benzamide] (NTZ) as the parent compound. NTZ exhibits a broad spectrum of activities against a wide variety of helminths, protozoa, and enteric bacteria infecting animals and humans. In vivo, NTZ is rapidly deacetylated to tizoxanide (TIZ), which exhibits similar activities. We have here comparatively investigated the in vitro effects of NTZ, TIZ, a number of other modified thiazolides, and metronidazole (MTZ) on Giardia lamblia trophozoites grown under axenic culture conditions and in coculture with the human cancer colon cell line Caco2. The modifications of the thiazolides included, on one hand, the replacement of the nitro group on the thiazole ring with a bromide, and, on the other hand, the differential positioning of methyl groups on the benzene ring. Of seven compounds with a bromo instead of a nitro group, only one, RM4820, showed moderate inhibition of Giardia proliferation in axenic culture, but not in coculture with Caco2 cells, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 18.8 microM; in comparison, NTZ and tizoxanide had IC50s of 2.4 microM, and MTZ had an IC50 of 7.8 microM. Moreover, the methylation or carboxylation of the benzene ring at position 3 resulted in a significant decrease of activity, and methylation at position 5 completely abrogated the antiparasitic effect of the nitrothiazole compound. Trophozoites treated with NTZ showed distinct lesions on the ventral disk as soon as 2 to 3 h after treatment, whereas treatment with metronidazole resulted in severe damage to the dorsal surface membrane at later time points.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Parasitology
UniBE Contributor:	Müller, Heinz Joachim, Müller, Norbert, Hemphill, Andrew
ISSN:	0066-4804
Publisher:	American Society for Microbiology
Language:	English
Submitter:	Factscience Import
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2013 14:45
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 14:14
Publisher DOI:	10.1128/AAC.50.1.162-170.2006
PubMed ID:	16377682
Web of Science ID:	000234988000021
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/18683 (FactScience: 890)