Therapy resistant neonatal seizures, linear vesicular rash, and unusually early neuroradiological changes: incontinentia pigmenti : A case report, literature review and insight into pathogenesis

Kaczala, Gregor W; Messer, Manuela A; Poskitt, Ken J; Prendiville, Juliette S; Gardiner, Jane; Senger, Christof (2008). Therapy resistant neonatal seizures, linear vesicular rash, and unusually early neuroradiological changes: incontinentia pigmenti : A case report, literature review and insight into pathogenesis. European journal of pediatrics, 167(9), pp. 979-983. Berlin: Springer-Verlag 10.1007/s00431-007-0618-5

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CASE PRESENTATION: A substance abusing G2P1 mother spontaneously delivered at term an appropriate for gestational age girl. Neonatal seizures appeared at 21 hours and empiric anticonvulsive and antimicrobial treatment was started. At 25 hours, first vesicles appeared. While routine evaluations remained normal, a head CT revealed multifocal ischemic injuries, and a later MRI showed multifocal petechiae and diffusion abnormalities in the corticospinal tracts. The clinical diagnosis of incontinentia pigmenti (stage 1) was secured by histopathology. Follow-up at 13 months showed global developmental delay. DISCUSSION: We discuss the unusually early bilateral, fronto-occipital corticomedullar ischemias (CT day 3). On the MR imaging (day 7) extensive symmetric cerebral corticomedullar destruction and diffusion sequences with corticospinal tracts abnormalities are seen, which then evolve (day 26) to extensive symmetric cerebral destruction. We review the literature, genetics, suspected pathophysiology and possible neonatal manifestation. CONCLUSION: Incontinentia pigmenti is rare and, therefore, diagnosis is frequently delayed. Nevertheless, in the setting of therapy refractory seizures, excluded infections, and linear vesicular rash, a high index of suspicion is needed. This is the first report of simultaneous corticomedullar involvement as early as the third day of life.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine

UniBE Contributor:

Kaczala, Gregor Wladyslaw Eusebius

ISSN:

0340-6199

ISBN:

17938957

Publisher:

Springer-Verlag

Language:

English

Submitter:

Anette van Dorland

Date Deposited:

04 Oct 2013 14:55

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:17

Publisher DOI:

10.1007/s00431-007-0618-5

PubMed ID:

17938957

Web of Science ID:

000257922700003

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.23424

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/23424 (FactScience: 41791)

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