Histological evaluation of human intrabony periodontal defects treated with an unsintered nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite paste

Horváth, Attila; Stavropoulos, Andreas; Windisch, Péter; Lukács, László; Gera, István; Sculean, Anton (2013). Histological evaluation of human intrabony periodontal defects treated with an unsintered nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite paste. Clinical oral investigations, 17(2), pp. 423-430. Springer-Verlag 10.1007/s00784-012-0739-8

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OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to clinically and histologically evaluate the healing of human intrabony defects treated with open flap surgery (OFD) and application of a new, resorbable, fully synthetic, unsintered, nanocrystalline, phase-pure hydroxyapatite (nano-HA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Six patients, each of them displaying very advanced intrabony defects around teeth scheduled for extraction due to advanced chronic periodontitis and further prosthodontic considerations, were included in the study. Following local anaesthesia, mucoperiosteal flaps were reflected; the granulation tissue was removed, and the roots were meticulously debrided by hand and ultrasonic instruments. A notch was placed at the most apical extent of the calculus present on the root surface or at the most apical part of the defect (if no calculus was present) in order to serve as a reference for the histological evaluation. Following defect fill with nano-HA, the flaps were sutured by means of mattress sutures to allow primary intention healing. At 7 months after regenerative surgery, the teeth were extracted together with some of their surrounding soft and hard tissues and processed for histological analysis.

RESULTS

The postoperative healing was uneventful in all cases. At 7 months following surgery, mean PPD reduction and mean CAL gain measured 4.0 ± 0.8 and 2.5 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. The histological analysis revealed a healing predominantly characterized by epithelial downgrowth. Limited formation of new cementum with inserting connective tissue fibers and bone regeneration occurred in three out of the six biopsies (i.e. 0-0.86 and 0-1.33 mm, respectively). Complete resorption of the nano-HA was found in four out of the six biopsies. A few remnants of the graft particles (either surrounded by newly formed mineralized tissue or encapsulated in connective tissue) were found in two out of the six biopsies.

CONCLUSION

Within their limits, the present results indicate that nano-HA has limited potential to promote periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The clinical outcomes obtained following surgery with OFD + nano-HA may not reflect true periodontal regeneration.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > School of Dental Medicine > Department of Periodontology

UniBE Contributor:

Sculean, Anton

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1432-6981

Publisher:

Springer-Verlag

Language:

English

Submitter:

Eveline Carmen Schuler

Date Deposited:

27 Feb 2014 08:05

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:27

Publisher DOI:

10.1007/s00784-012-0739-8

PubMed ID:

22552592

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.40639

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/40639

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