Microbiota depletion promotes browning of white adipose tissue and reduces obesity.

Suárez-Zamorano, Nicolas; Fabbiano, Salvatore; Chevalier, Claire; Stojanović, Ozren; Colin, Didier J; Stevanović, Ana; Veyrat-Durebex, Christelle; Tarallo, Valentina; Rigo, Dorothée; Germain, Stéphane; Ilievska, Miroslava; Montet, Xavier; Seimbille, Yann; Hapfelmeier, Siegfried Hektor; Trajkovski, Mirko (2015). Microbiota depletion promotes browning of white adipose tissue and reduces obesity. Nature medicine, 21(12), pp. 1497-1501. Nature Publishing Group 10.1038/nm.3994

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) promotes a lean and healthy phenotype and improves insulin sensitivity. In response to cold or exercise, brown fat cells also emerge in the white adipose tissue (WAT; also known as beige cells), a process known as browning. Here we show that the development of functional beige fat in the inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ingSAT) and perigonadal visceral adipose tissue (pgVAT) is promoted by the depletion of microbiota either by means of antibiotic treatment or in germ-free mice. This leads to improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and decreased white fat and adipocyte size in lean mice, obese leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Such metabolic improvements are mediated by eosinophil infiltration, enhanced type 2 cytokine signaling and M2 macrophage polarization in the subcutaneous white fat depots of microbiota-depleted animals. The metabolic phenotype and the browning of the subcutaneous fat are impaired by the suppression of type 2 cytokine signaling, and they are reversed by recolonization of the antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice with microbes. These results provide insight into the microbiota-fat signaling axis and beige-fat development in health and metabolic disease.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases > Research

UniBE Contributor:

Hapfelmeier, Siegfried Hektor

Subjects:

500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1078-8956

Publisher:

Nature Publishing Group

Language:

English

Submitter:

Siegfried Hektor Hapfelmeier-Balmer

Date Deposited:

26 Apr 2016 17:17

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:55

Publisher DOI:

10.1038/nm.3994

PubMed ID:

26569380

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.81376

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/81376

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