Measurement of bullet velocity using a high-speed camera

Schyma, Christian; Brünig, Julia; Jackowski, Christian; Müller, R. (2017). Measurement of bullet velocity using a high-speed camera. Rechtsmedizin, 27(4), pp. 273-277. Springer-Medizin-Verlag 10.1007/s00194-017-0180-z

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(For calculating a projectile’s energy, measurement of its velocity is necessary. The study was performed to evaluate if the use of a high-speed camera is principally feasible for this purpose. Filming was done using a SA-X2 (Photron) positioned about 15 to 23 cm in front of or at the muzzle with 50,000 frames per second and a 0.29 µs exposure time. Video was used to document 209 shots using ammunition from 22 long rifle to 45 auto (228 to 388 m/s). The velocity calculated by image analysis was compared with the measurements obtained by a light barrier speed measurement device BMC21 (Mehl). The deviation was at most ± 2.5%. The coefficient of determination R2 for linear correlation was in the median 0.987. The reproducibility of the results obtained by image analysis was about ±1 m/s. Focusing the bullet’s trajectory could be identified as the most important factor for the reliability of measurements. When the bullet was sharply imaged, the length of the measured distance played a secondary role for measurement accuracy.)

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