Prototypicality ratings of acts for achievement motivated behavior of young competitive athletes by coaches and sport psychologists

Zuber, Claudia; Conzelmann, Achim (July 2017). Prototypicality ratings of acts for achievement motivated behavior of young competitive athletes by coaches and sport psychologists (Unpublished). In: ISSP 14th World Congress Sevilla. Sevilla, Spanien. 10.07.2017-14.07.2017.

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Achievement motivation has proved to be an important talent criterion for young athletes (Zuber et al., 2015). However, the evaluation of achievement motivation by means of self-assessment instruments entails the risk of social desired answers. In addition, it would make sense to assess the observable achievement motivated behavior from coaches' reports. One possibility to construct an observation grid, is based on the Act-Frequency Approach (Buss & Craik, 1983) that relies on the definitions of characteristics elaborated by psychological laypersons. In the first step, coaches are asked about manifest achievement motivated behavior in concrete situations (acts). In the next phase, these acts are then assessed with respect to their prototypicality for the construct to be examined. Thereby, the question arises as to whether the concept of "achievement-motivated behavior" of youth coaches - who usually have no well-founded knowledge in sports psychology - is consistent with that of sports psychologists. In the first phase of the project 58 acts were created by 20 coaches. These acts were then evaluated by 21 further coaches and 26 sports psychologists with regard to their prototypicality for achievement-motivated behavior in young athletes on a 5-step scale. It turns out that the assessment of the coaches does not differ fundamentally from those of the sport psychologists across all acts (d=0.0; ICCunjust=.76) and that the overall assessment with M=3.75 (SD=.99) in both groups goes towards "fairly prototypical". At the level of the individual acts, the group judgments differ in nine acts with a large (d>.8) or moderate effect (d>.5). Of these, seven acts were regarded as more prototypical by the sports psychologists. In terms of content, a trend became apparent, that behavior pointing to the concept of task orientation, are regarded as more prototypical for achievement-motivated behavior by the sports psychologists than by the coaches.

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