Requirements for observation scenarios to maintain a catalogue of space debris objects in geosynchronous region

Hinze, A.; Fiedler, H.; Schildknecht, Thomas (April 2017). Requirements for observation scenarios to maintain a catalogue of space debris objects in geosynchronous region. In: 7th European Conference on Space Debris. Darmstadt, Germany. 18 to 21 April 2017.

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Optical observations for space debris in the geosynchronous region have been performed for many years. During this time, observation strategies, processing tech-
niques and cataloguing approaches were successfully developed. The importance of protecting this orbital region from space debris requires continuous surveying and
monitoring in order to support collision avoidance operations. Further observations of the objects, providing information for orbit improvement calculations, are helping to maintain high accuracy ephemeris of the catalogued objects. This paper presents an analysis of the possibility to reobserve the objects within a catalogue by taking into account the orbit accuracy represented by their covariance matrix. Estimating process noise and measurement noise covariances, Kalman filtering is applied to assess the frequency and the number of necessary follow-up observations for catalogue maintenance. For reliable reobservations of the objects, observation constraints like e.g. the field of view are taken into account. Finally orbits of selected objects are determined and propagated to validate the results.

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