Cutaneous Manifestations of Small-Vessel Leukocytoclastic Vasculitides in Childhood.

Lava, Sebastiano; Milani, Gregorio P; Fossali, Emilio F; Simonetti, Giacomo; Agostoni, Carlo; Bianchetti, Mario G (2017). Cutaneous Manifestations of Small-Vessel Leukocytoclastic Vasculitides in Childhood. Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 53(3), pp. 439-451. Springer 10.1007/s12016-017-8626-3

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In childhood, cutaneous small-vessel vasculitides include Henoch-Schönlein syndrome, a systemic vasculitis, and Finkelstein-Seidlmayer syndrome, a skin-limited vasculitis. Both Henoch-Schönlein and Finkelstein-Seidlmayer syndromes are seen more frequently in white or Asian compared with black children and occur especially in winter and spring with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1. In everyday clinical practice, both conditions are diagnosed on clinical grounds without histological confirmation. The characteristic cutaneous hallmarks of Henoch-Schönlein syndrome include a purpuric rash in all and a subcutaneous edema in approximately every second case, which are often preceded by non-specific red or pink macular elements that mimic a non-itching urticarial rash. Recent data point out that Henoch-Schönlein children often present further cutaneous findings such as Köbnerization, Rumpel-Leede capillary fragility phenomenon, and blistering eruptions. Children with Finkelstein-Seidlmayer syndrome are usually ≤24 months of age and not ill-appearing. They present with (a) large, round, red to purpuric plaques (often with a targetoid appearance) predominantly over the cheeks, ears, and extremities and (b) often tender non-pitting edema of the distal extremities, ears, and face (without pruritus). Both in Henoch-Schönlein syndrome and Finkelstein-Seidlmayer syndrome, there is often scrotal involvement. The cutaneous findings remit without sequelae within 2 months in Henoch-Schönlein and 3 weeks in Finkelstein-Seidlmayer syndrome.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Review Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine

UniBE Contributor:

Lava, Sebastiano, Simonetti, Giacomo

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1080-0549

Publisher:

Springer

Language:

English

Submitter:

Anette van Dorland

Date Deposited:

27 Mar 2018 16:18

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:10

Publisher DOI:

10.1007/s12016-017-8626-3

PubMed ID:

28836099

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Acute hemorrhagic edema Anaphylactoid purpura Cockade purpura and edema of young children Finkelstein–Seidlmayer syndrome Henoch–Schönlein syndrome

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.111750

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/111750

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