Introduction to incidence rates and time-changing variables for cohort studies

Koletsi, D; Pandis, Nikolaos (2017). Introduction to incidence rates and time-changing variables for cohort studies. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 152(1), pp. 131-132. Elsevier 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.04.012

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In orthodontics and dentistry in general, we are frequently working on studies where groups of patients are followed over time with the aim to record the occurrence of an event. Subjects may enter a study at various times and be followed until (1) the event of interest occurs, (2) the study is completed (end of follow-up time), or (3) they are lost to follow-up. The analysis of this kind of study is based on incidence rates, or more simply, rates (λ). Rate is the total number of events per person per unit of time (ie, person-time) and reflects the probability that a subject will experience the event of interest at a prespecified time.

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