Al-Jewair, TS; Pandis, Nikolaos; Tu, YK (2017). Directed acyclic graphs: A tool to identify confounders in orthodontic research, Part I. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 151(2), pp. 419-422. Elsevier 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.11.008
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Confounding is a bias that threatens the validity of causal inferences in a study. Rothman and Greenland1 defined confounding: “A confounding factor must not be affected by the exposure or disease. In particular, it cannot be an intermediate step in the causal pathway between the exposure and the disease.”
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Review Article) |
|---|---|
Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > School of Dental Medicine > Department of Orthodontics |
UniBE Contributor: |
Pandis, Nikolaos |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
0889-5406 |
Publisher: |
Elsevier |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Renate Imhof-Etter |
Date Deposited: |
18 Apr 2018 14:32 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 15:12 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.11.008 |
PubMed ID: |
28153173 |
BORIS DOI: |
10.7892/boris.114339 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/114339 |
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