Ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethylene release and ACC concentration of rhizomes from marsh plants under normoxia, hypoxia and anoxia

Studer, Christoph; Brändle, Roland (1987). Ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethylene release and ACC concentration of rhizomes from marsh plants under normoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. In: Crawford, Robert MacGregor Martyn (ed.) Plant life in aquatic and amphibious habitats. Special publication of the British Ecological Society: Vol. 5 (pp. 293-301). Oxford London Edinburgh Boston Palo Alto Melbourne: Blackwell Scientific Publications

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Rhizomes of Acorus calamus, Glyceria maxima, Phragmites australis, Schoenoplectus lacustris and Typha latifolia were incubated for 72 h in a closed system initially containing 21 % O2, 1 % O2 or N2. Gas samples from the head space were analysed daily by GC. ACC and M-ACC contents of the tissues were determined at the end of the incubation period. The rhizomes of all species produced ethanol and acetaldehyde under anoxia, to a lesser extent under hypoxia, and in S. lacustris even under normoxia. Acorus calamus and G. maxima showed a different time-course of ethanol release compared to P. australis, S. lacustris and T. latifolia. The differences were probably due to either non-limited (A. calamus and G. maxima) or limited fermentation processes. Ethylene release depended on O2 availability and the species. The highest production rate under normoxia was detected in A. calamus (565 pM g-1 fw.d). During the first day, ethylene production rates were frequently higher than later on, because of additional ethylene induced by wounding. Schoenoplectus lacustris and T. latifolia produced little ethylene after the period of wound ethylene release (S. lacustris 22 pM g-1 fw.d and T. latifolia 7 pM g-1 fw.d). The rhizomes of all species accumulated ACC under an O2 deficit stress. M-ACC concentrations were much higher than the ACC levels, independently of the incubation conditions. An exception was A. calamus with low M-ACC levels. The M-ACC concentrations in the various treatments were not significantly different, but once again with the exception of A. calamus.

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