Traces of late Quaternary glaciations in the Narlıca Valley, Kavuşşahap Mountains

Yesilyurt, Serdar; Doğan, Uğur; Akçar, Naki (2018). Traces of late Quaternary glaciations in the Narlıca Valley, Kavuşşahap Mountains. Turkish geographical review, 70, pp. 99-108. Turkish Geographical Society 10.17211/tcd.415232

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In parallel with increases in the global ice volume during the cold periods of the Quaternary, which is characterized by warm and cold climate cycles, glaciers developed in parts of the Eastern Black Sea Mountains, Taurus Mountains, and some high mountains in Eastern Anatolia with appropriate conditions. The Kavuşşahap Mountains, which are one of these glaciation areas and where this study has been conducted, are the fifth largest glaciation area in Turkey. The altitude above sea level of the Kavuşşahap Mountains, which form the extension of the Southeast Taurus Mountains in the south of Lake Van, is 3634 m. Located at the center of this range, the Narlıca Valley is the richest glacial valley in terms of the valley morphology, valley size, and the number of moraine ridges it has. Therefore, this study is limited to the Narlıca Valley. In addition to the fieldwork in the study, current methods such as remote sensing and digital photogrammetry were used. High-resolution terrain model based on aerial photography and perspective aerial photographs were prepared by the photogrammetry method and used in the study. Furthermore, the palaeoglacier model of the Narlıca Valley was built and the permanent snow line of the maximum glacial period was calculated. In addition to this, the current permanent snow line and temperature gradient of the study area were calculated using the meteorological data. As a result of the study, the moraines of the Narlıca Valley, which is 17 km long, were divided into 9 groups. These moraine groups, which reflect different glaciations, consist of more than 30 consecutive ridges. Moreover, the calculations performed showed that in the period when the Narlıca palaeoglacier reached its maximum extend, the permanent snow line was 900-1250 m lower and the climate was at least 8-11°C colder than today.

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