Magnetic resonance spectroscopy extended by oscillating diffusion gradients: Cell-specific anomalous diffusion as a probe for tissue microstructure in human brain.

Döring, André; Kreis, Roland (2019). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy extended by oscillating diffusion gradients: Cell-specific anomalous diffusion as a probe for tissue microstructure in human brain. NeuroImage, 202, p. 116075. Elsevier 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116075

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PURPOSE

To demonstrate that oscillating gradient spin-echo sequences can be combined with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy even on clinical MR systems to study human brain at short diffusion times to provide apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) sensitive to a narrower cellular length scale than pulsed gradient spin-echo sequences at long diffusion time.

METHODS

Measurements were performed on a 3T MR system using a semiLaser sequence with diffusion-weighting realized by oscillating and pulsed gradient modules, encoding diffusion times <10 ms and >50 ms, respectively. Metabolite-cycling was included to measure metabolites and water simultaneously. The sequence was tested in a phantom and in a parieto-occipital cerebral region of interest with mixed gray/white matter content of 6 subjects. The water reference was used for phase, frequency, and eddy-current correction as well as motion compensation. ADCs were estimated by 1D sequential and 2D simultaneous fitting.

RESULTS

Measurements in the phantom established that both sequences yield equal ADCs, independent of diffusion time, as expected for free diffusion. In contrast, on average over multiple metabolites in vivo metabolite diffusion was found to be 1.9 times faster at short (8.3 ms) than at long (155 ms) diffusion times. The difference in ADC was found to be statistically significant for the creatines, cholines, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, myo-inositol, scyllo-inositol, glutamate, glutamine and taurine. The water ADC was measured to be 1.3 times larger at short than at long diffusion time.

CONCLUSION

It is demonstrated that application of oscillating gradients in diffusion-weighted MRS is feasible on clinical MR systems to establish the dependence of ADCs on diffusion times in humans. The initial results largely confirm earlier reports for mice' and rats' brain at short and long diffusion times. ADCs representing diffusion at short and ultra-short diffusion times are of interest to probe cellular or subcellular changes in disease. The presented methodology may thus open the door for investigation of pathophysiological changes in cell-specific microcellular structures in human cohorts.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology and Nuclear Medicine (DRNN) > Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology > DCR Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Methodology (AMSM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > BioMedical Research (DBMR)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > BioMedical Research (DBMR) > Forschungsbereich Pavillon 52 > Abt. Magnetresonanz-Spektroskopie und Methodologie, AMSM

Graduate School:

Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB)

UniBE Contributor:

Döring, André, Kreis, Roland

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1053-8119

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Maria de Fatima Henriques Bernardo

Date Deposited:

28 Aug 2019 13:15

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:30

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116075

PubMed ID:

31398432

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Anomalous diffusion Glia Metabolites Molecular crowding Neurons

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.132614

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/132614

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