Relationship between skin melanin index and nicotine pharmacokinetics in African American smokers.

Liakoni, Evangelia; St Helen, Gideon; Dempsey, Delia A; Jacob, Peyton; Tyndale, Rachel F; Benowitz, Neal L (2019). Relationship between skin melanin index and nicotine pharmacokinetics in African American smokers. Drug and alcohol dependence, 204, p. 107474. Elsevier 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.039

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BACKGROUND

Blacks bear a disproportionate burden of smoking-related diseases and experience greater difficulty quitting smoking than Whites. Nicotine has a high affinity for melanin, and it has been hypothesized that melanin levels might influence nicotine pharmacokinetics and enhance dependence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that melanin affects nicotine disposition kinetics in humans.

METHODS

Forty-four Black participants were administered intravenous infusions of deuterium-labeled nicotine and cotinine. Plasma concentrations of nicotine and cotinine were measured, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. The constitutive and facultative melanin indexes were measured using a dermaspectrophotometer.

RESULTS

The median constitutive melanin index was 60.7 (32.8-134.7) and the median facultative melanin index 68.1 (38.6-127.1). The mean (±SD) nicotine elimination half-life was 136 min (±33.5), clearance was 1237 mL/min (±331), and Vss was 204 L (±66), or 2.6 L/kg (±0.7). No evidence of significant differences was found in nicotine pharmacokinetic parameters by comparing participants in different melanin index quartiles (outliers with very high melanin index had similar pharmacokinetic values to others). Differences were not statistically significant when adjusted for age, BMI, sex and CYP2A6 genotype or the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), and no evidence of significant correlations were found between melanin (facultative or constitutive) and the pharmacokinetic parameters of nicotine or cotinine or tobacco dependence measures.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on our finding in this group of Black smokers, we could not confirm the hypothesis that melanin significantly affects nicotine disposition kinetics or measures of tobacco dependence.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of General Internal Medicine (DAIM) > Clinic of General Internal Medicine

UniBE Contributor:

Liakoni, Evangelia

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0376-8716

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Tobias Tritschler

Date Deposited:

14 Oct 2019 11:09

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:31

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.039

PubMed ID:

31521954

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Cotinine Melanin Melanin index Nicotine Pharmacokinetics

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.133865

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/133865

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