Exertional rhabdomyolysis and causes of elevation of creatine kinase.

Bäcker, Henrik Constantin; Busko, Morgan; Krause, Fabian; Exadaktylos, Aristomenis Konstantinos; Klukowska-Rötzler, Jolanta; Deml, Moritz Caspar (2020). Exertional rhabdomyolysis and causes of elevation of creatine kinase. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 48(2), pp. 179-185. Taylor & Francis 10.1080/00913847.2019.1669410

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Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially fatal condition that can be triggered by a variety of inciting events, including excessive muscular exertion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of creatine kinase elevation (CK≥1000U/L) to determine what percentage result from exRML, the etiology, and kinetics of CK levels, as well as the complications of exRML and comorbidities that may predispose an individual to this condition. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the emergency department database for patients with CK≥1000U/L between 2012 and 2017. In total, there were 1957 cases of rhabdomyolysis diagnosed based on laboratory data and documentation. Trauma was the most common cause for rhabdomyolysis (n = 726/1957; 37.1%, respectively). Results: ExRML was identified in 2.1% (n = 42/1957) of the total cases. Patients with ExRML were significantly younger (30.1 ± 10.6 years) with a significantly higher maximal level of CK compared to the non-exertional causes of rhabdomyolysis, (CK = 16,884.4 ± 41,645.6U/L; both p < 0.005). The far majority of cases were sport or exercise related (n = 35/42; 83.3%), with strength training at the gym making up the largest group of athletes (n = 16/42; 38.1%). The main complication amongst the ExRML group was acute kidney insufficiency, which was observed in 42.9% of patients. The CK levels of the patients in the ExRML cohort steadily decreased after initiation of aggressive hydration. Conclusion: ExRML may be more prevalent than the current literature predicts, which is important to recognize as it has the potential to cause kidney failure, irregular heart rhythm, and death. Therefore, physicians and active individuals should be sensitized to the signs and symptoms that may lead to earlier recognition and proper treatment in exercising individuals.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Anaesthesiology (DINA) > University Emergency Center 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Orthopaedic, Plastic and Hand Surgery (DOPH) > Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery
UniBE Contributor:	Bäcker, Henrik Constantin, Krause, Fabian, Exadaktylos, Aristomenis, Klukowska-Rötzler, Jolanta, Deml, Moritz Caspar
Subjects:	600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
ISSN:	2326-3660
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Language:	English
Submitter:	Kathrin Aeschlimann
Date Deposited:	25 Oct 2019 16:21
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 15:31
Publisher DOI:	10.1080/00913847.2019.1669410
PubMed ID:	31532694
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CK Creatine RML exertional insufficiency kidney kinase rhabdomyolysis
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/134164