Influence of desensitizing and anti-erosive toothpastes on dentine permeability: An in vitro study.

João-Souza, Samira Helena; Scaramucci, Tais; Bühler Borges, Alessandra; Lussi, Adrian; Saads Carvalho, Thiago; Corrêa Aranha, Ana Cecília (2019). Influence of desensitizing and anti-erosive toothpastes on dentine permeability: An in vitro study. Journal of dentistry, 89, p. 103176. Elsevier Science 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.07.014

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OBJECTIVE

This study analyzed the effect of desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes on dentine permeability.

METHODS

One-mm dentin discs were prepared from human molars and exposed to EDTA solution (5 min, 17%). Initial dentine permeability was measured, under constant pressure. Specimens were randomly allocated into 10 groups: four anti-erosive toothpastes (calcium silicate + sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, stannous chloride + chitosan, oligopeptide-104); four desensitizing toothpastes (arginine + calcium carbonate, calcium sodium phosphosilicate, strontium acetate, stannous fluoride); and two controls (regular fluoridated toothpaste, and human saliva). They were submitted to a 5-day erosion-abrasion cycling model. Erosion consisted of immersion in citric acid (2 min, 0.3%, natural pH ˜ 2.6, 4x/day), followed by 1 h exposure to human saliva. Specimens were brushed for 15 s (2 N, 45 strokes) with the toothpaste slurries (total exposure time of 2 min). After 5 cycles, the final dentine permeability was determined. Dentine permeability change was calculated as a percentage of the initial hydraulic conductance (%Lp). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05).

RESULTS

The toothpastes calcium silicate + sodium phosphate and potassium nitrate, showed significant decrease in %Lp, with no difference between them. The regular fluoridated toothpaste also decreased the %Lp, not differing from potassium nitrate. No desensitizing toothpaste showed change in %Lp. Human saliva, oligopeptide-104 and stannous chloride + chitosan presented significant increase in %Lp, without difference between them.

CONCLUSION

Calcium silicate + sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, and the regular fluoridated toothpaste decreased dentine permeability, whereas the desensitizing toothpastes tested did not.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Toothpastes had distinct impacts on dentine permeability, which may reflect a variable effect on the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Within the limitations of a laboratory-based study, toothpastes with an anti-erosive claim could also be effective in reducing the pain in dentine hypersensitivity.

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