Vitamin D deficiency is common in kidney transplant recipients, but is not associated with infections after transplantation.

Schreiber, Peter W; Kusejko, Katharina; Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A; Boggian, Katia; Bonani, Marco; van Delden, Christian; Enriquez, Natalia; Fehr, Thomas; Garzoni, Christian; Hirsch, Hans H; Hirzel, Cédric; Manuel, Oriol; Meylan, Pascal; Saleh, Lanja; Weisser, Maja; Mueller, Nicolas J (2020). Vitamin D deficiency is common in kidney transplant recipients, but is not associated with infections after transplantation. Clinical transplantation, 34(2), e13778. Wiley-Blackwell 10.1111/ctr.13778

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The relevance of vitamin D for infections after kidney transplantation is poorly defined. 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD) levels of 135 kidney transplant recipients, enrolled in the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study, were determined peri-transplant and 6 months post-transplant. Logistic regression was used to address associations of 25-OHD and overall infections and bacterial infections, respectively. For the first 6 months post-transplant, 25-OHD peri-transplant, and for the second period (after 6 to 30 months post-transplant), 25-OHD at 6 months post-transplant was considered. Vitamin D deficiency was common peri-transplant and remained highly prevalent 6 months after transplantation despite frequent supplementation. Median 25-OHD levels increased from 12.0ng/ml (IQR 5.3-19.5) peri-transplant to 16.5ng/ml (IQR 10.6-22.6) 6 months post-transplant (P=0.005). We did not detect a significant association between 25-OHD and overall infections (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.44-2.51; aOR 0.67, 95%CI 0.31-1.43) or bacterial infections (aOR 0.79, 95%CI 0.32-1.96; aOR 0.79, 95%CI 0.35-1.75) for the first and second period. To conclude, at both time points vitamin D deficiency was observed in more than 50% of kidney recipients, albeit an increase in 25-OHD in the longitudinal course was observed. No significant association of 25-OHD and infections was detected.

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