Bertholet, Jenny; Anastasi, Gail; Noble, David; Bel, Arjan; van Leeuwen, Ruud; Roggen, Toon; Duchateau, Michael; Pilskog, Sara; Garibaldi, Cristina; Tilly, Nina; García-Mollá, Rafael; Bonaque, Jorge; Oelfke, Uwe; Aznar, Marianne C; Heijmen, Ben (2020). Patterns of practice for adaptive and real-time radiation therapy (POP-ART RT) part II: offline and online plan adaption for interfractional changes. Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, 153, pp. 88-96. Elsevier Scientific Publ. Ireland 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.06.017
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PURPOSE
The POP-ART RT study aims to determine to what extent and how intrafractional real-time respiratory motion management (RRMM), and plan adaptation for interfractional anatomical changes (ART) are used in clinical practice and to understand barriers to implementation. Here we report on part II: ART using more than one plan per target per treatment course.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A questionnaire on the current practice of ART, wishes for expansion or implementation, and barriers to implementation was distributed worldwide. Four types of ART were discriminated: daily online replanning, online plan library, protocolled offline replanning (all three based on a protocol), and ad-hoc offline replanning.
RESULTS
The questionnaire was completed by 177 centres from 40 countries. ART was used by 61% of respondents (31% with protocol) for a median (range) of 3 (1-8) tumour sites. CBCT/MVCT was the main imaging modality except for online daily replanning (11 users) where 10 users used MR. Two thirds of respondents wished to implement ART for a new tumour site; 40% of these had plans to do it in the next 2 years. Human/material resources and technical limitations were the main barriers to further use and implementation.
CONCLUSIONS
ART was used for a broad range of tumour sites, mainly with ad-hoc offline replanning and for a median of 3 tumour sites. There was a large interest in implementing ART for more tumour sites, mainly limited by human/material resources and technical limitations. Daily online replanning was primarily performed on MR-linacs.