Effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on intermediate cardiovascular disease risk factors among postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Wolters, Maike; Dejanovic, Gordana M; Asllanaj, Eralda; Günther, Kathrin; Pohlabeln, Hermann; Bramer, Wichor M; Ahrens, Jenny; Nagrani, Rajini; Pigeot, Iris; Franco, Oscar H.; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Muka, Taulant; Glisic, Marija (2020). Effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on intermediate cardiovascular disease risk factors among postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause - the journal of the North American Menopause Society, 27(9), pp. 1081-1092. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 10.1097/GME.0000000000001566

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IMPORTANCE

Phytoestrogens are becoming popular constituents of human diets and are increasingly used by postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aims to determine the effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in postmenopausal women.

EVIDENCE REVIEW

Five electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar) were systematically searched to identify eligible studies, that is, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the association of phytoestrogen supplementation with CVD risk factors (serum lipids, homocysteine, fibrinogen, markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function, carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) in postmenopausal women. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers using a predefined data collection form.

FINDINGS

In total, 56 RCTs were identified, including 4,039 individual postmenopausal women. There was substantial heterogeneity in quality across studies. Twenty-six (46%) RCTs showed poor quality and there was an indication of publication bias presence for some of the biomarkers. Results are reported in pooled mean difference (95% CI) of changes. Use of phytoestrogens was associated with a decrease in serum total cholesterol (-0.27 mmol/L [-0.41 to -0.13]), low-density lipoprotein (-0.25 mmol/L [-0.37 to -0.13]), triglycerides (-0.20 mmol/L [-0.28 to -0.11]), and apolipoprotein B (-0.13 g/L [-0.23 to -0.03]) and with an increase in serum apolipoprotein A-1 (0.04 g/L [0.02-0.07]. Also, phytoestrogen supplementation was associated with a decrease in serum intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (-18.86 ng/mL [-30.06 to -7.65]) and E-selectin (-2.32 ng/mL [-4.05 to -0.59]). There was no association observed between phytoestrogen supplementation and inflammatory markers, fibrinogen, homocysteine, or other endothelial function markers. In contrast, use of phytoestrogens was associated with an increase in CIMT (9.34 μm [95% CI, 0.39-18.29]). Effect estimates of phytoestrogen supplementation on oxidative stress could not be pooled.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

Phytoestrogen supplementation seems to modestly improve the CVD risk profile of postmenopausal women by influencing blood lipids and parameters of endothelial function. In women with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, although modest, a harmful effect on CIMT progression may be present. Because of limited quality and the heterogeneous nature of the current evidence, additional rigorous studies are needed to explore the role of phytoestrogens in menopausal cardiovascular health. : Video Summary: http://links.lww.com/MENO/A593.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)

UniBE Contributor:

Franco Duran, Oscar Horacio, Muka, Taulant, Glisic, Marija

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services

ISSN:

1072-3714

Publisher:

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Language:

English

Submitter:

Andrea Flükiger-Flückiger

Date Deposited:

01 Sep 2020 17:15

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:40

Publisher DOI:

10.1097/GME.0000000000001566

PubMed ID:

32852463

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.146262

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/146262

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