Motile ciliopathies.

Wallmeier, Julia; Nielsen, Kim G; Kuehni, Claudia E.; Lucas, Jane S; Leigh, Margaret W; Zariwala, Maimoona A; Omran, Heymut (2020). Motile ciliopathies. Nature reviews. Disease Primers, 6(1), p. 77. Nature Publishing Group 10.1038/s41572-020-0209-6

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Motile cilia are highly complex hair-like organelles of epithelial cells lining the surface of various organ systems. Genetic mutations (usually with autosomal recessive inheritance) that impair ciliary beating cause a variety of motile ciliopathies, a heterogeneous group of rare disorders. The pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical symptoms and severity of the disease depend on the specific affected genes and the tissues in which they are expressed. Defects in the ependymal cilia can result in hydrocephalus, defects in the cilia in the fallopian tubes or in sperm flagella can cause female and male subfertility, respectively, and malfunctional motile monocilia of the left-right organizer during early embryonic development can lead to laterality defects such as situs inversus and heterotaxy. If mucociliary clearance in the respiratory epithelium is severely impaired, the disorder is referred to as primary ciliary dyskinesia, the most common motile ciliopathy. No single test can confirm a diagnosis of motile ciliopathy, which is based on a combination of tests including nasal nitric oxide measurement, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence and genetic analyses, and high-speed video microscopy. With the exception of azithromycin, there is no evidence-based treatment for primary ciliary dyskinesia; therapies aim at relieving symptoms and reducing the effects of reduced ciliary motility.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Review Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine 04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine > Paediatric Pneumology
UniBE Contributor:	Kühni, Claudia
Subjects:	600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services
ISSN:	2056-676X
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Language:	English
Submitter:	Anette van Dorland
Date Deposited:	24 Sep 2020 16:33
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 15:40
Publisher DOI:	10.1038/s41572-020-0209-6
PubMed ID:	32943623
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/146624