Duplex Ultrasound Investigation for the Detection of Obstructed Iliocaval Venous Stents.

Sebastian, Tim; Barco, Stefano; Engelberger, Rolf P; Spirk, David; Schindewolf, Marc; Baumann, Frederic; Baumgartner, Iris; Kucher, Nils (2020). Duplex Ultrasound Investigation for the Detection of Obstructed Iliocaval Venous Stents. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery EJVES, 60(3), pp. 443-450. Elsevier 10.1016/j.ejvs.2020.05.011

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OBJECTIVE

Duplex ultrasound (DUS) is used for routine surveillance of stents in iliocaval veins, but direct visualisation is often challenging. Duplex ultrasound criteria for detecting venous stent obstruction (VSO) have not been defined to date.

METHODS

A nested case control study of 120 patients (42 ± 17 years, 53% women, mean 2.7 ± 1.8 stents) was performed, and the performance of various duplex parameters for detecting VSO (defined as > 50% lumen diameter reduction or occlusion) was tested, confirmed by biplane venography or intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Forty patients with VSO (25 with stent occlusion, 15 with >50% in stent stenosis) were matched to 80 control patients by age, gender and index diagnosis who fulfilled the following criteria: (1) ongoing symptom control (Villalta score < 5), (2) good image quality of entire stent segment, (3) spontaneous colour Doppler signal > 50% of lumen in entire stent segment, (4) at least two DUS where the baseline DUS was obtained within 24 h after successful venous intervention.

RESULTS

The best test was the combination of peak flow velocity and flow pattern analysis at the stent inlet. A peak flow velocity >10 cm/s and a flow pattern spontaneously modulated by respiration ruled out VSO with a specificity of 93.7% (95% CI 86.0%-97.3%). A peak flow velocity ≤10 cm/s or any Doppler flow pattern other than spontaneously modulated by respiration was 92.1% (95% CI 79.2%-97.3%) sensitive to detect VSO.

CONCLUSION

The combination of peak flow velocity and analysis of Doppler flow pattern at the stent inlet is accurate to diagnose or rule out stent occlusion. Indirect criteria should always be combined with direct visualisation of iliocaval stents since those may be less sensitive for detecting stent stenosis.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Cardiovascular Disorders (DHGE) > Clinic of Angiology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Pharmacology

UniBE Contributor:

Spirk, David, Schindewolf, Marc, Baumgartner, Iris

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1078-5884

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Celine Joray

Date Deposited:

24 Sep 2020 10:59

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:40

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.ejvs.2020.05.011

PubMed ID:

32605854

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Duplex criteria Duplex ultrasound Post-thrombotic syndrome Stent surveillance Venous stent stenosis Venous stent thrombosis

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.146666

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/146666

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