Dust-to-Gas and Refractory-to-Ice Mass Ratios of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta Observations

Choukroun, Mathieu; Altwegg, Kathrin; Kührt, Ekkehard; Biver, Nicolas; Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique; Drążkowska, Joanna; Hérique, Alain; Hilchenbach, Martin; Marschall, Raphael; Pätzold, Martin; Taylor, Matthew G. G. T.; Thomas, Nicolas (2020). Dust-to-Gas and Refractory-to-Ice Mass Ratios of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta Observations. Space science reviews, 216(3) Springer 10.1007/s11214-020-00662-1

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This chapter reviews the estimates of the dust-to-gas and refractory-to-ice mass ratios derived from Rosetta measurements in the lost materials and the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, respectively. First, the measurements by Rosetta instruments are described, as well as relevant characteristics of 67P. The complex picture of the activity of 67P, with its extreme North-South seasonal asymmetry, is presented. Individual estimates of the dust-to-gas and refractory-to-ice mass ratios are then presented and compared, show- ing wide ranges of plausible values. Rosetta’s wealth of information suggests that estimates of the dust-to-gas mass ratio made in cometary comae at a single point in time may not be fully representative of the refractory-to-ice mass ratio within the cometary nuclei being observed.

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