Air pollution causing oxidative stress

Leni, Zaira; Künzi, Lisa; Geiser, Marianne (2020). Air pollution causing oxidative stress. Current opinion in toxicology, 20-21, pp. 1-8. Elsevier 10.1016/j.cotox.2020.02.006

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Air pollution remains a major factor for adverse health effects
and premature death worldwide. Particulate matter with aerodynamic
diameter smaller than2.5 micrometer (PM2.5), mainly originating from
combustion processes, is considered most toxic. The respiratory
and cardiovascular system are particularly affected.
Despite all research efforts, the causative relations of air pollutants
and exposure-associated health effects are not yet fully
established. Recent studies using different methodologies
have consistently shown peroxides and reactive oxygen species
(ROS) to be crucial mediators of particle toxicity. This
review is an excerpt of results from experimental studies and
methodological developments of the past 2 years that
enhanced our understanding of oxidative molecules in particles,
their transmission to the target organ, and the molecular
pathways generating ROS in physiological and pathological
processes. Further multidisciplinary research towards predicting
toxicology from particle-related ROS transmitted to the
target organ is required.

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