Safety and Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Recombinant Subunit Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Lung Transplant Recipients.

Hirzel, Cedric; L'Huillier, Arnaud G; Ferreira, Victor H; Marinelli, Tina; Ku, Terrance; Ierullo, Matthew; Miao, Congrong; Schmid, D Scott; Juvet, Stephen; Humar, Atul; Kumar, Deepali (2021). Safety and Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Recombinant Subunit Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Lung Transplant Recipients. American journal of transplantation, 21(6), pp. 2246-2253. Wiley-Blackwell 10.1111/ajt.16534

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Lung transplant recipients are at high risk for herpes zoster and preventive measures are a significant unmet need. We investigated the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of a recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) in lung transplant recipients (≥50 years). We enrolled 50 patients of which 49 received at least one vaccine dose. Anti-glycoprotein E (gE) antibody levels (n=43) increased significantly compared to baseline (median optical density [OD] 1.96; interquartile range [IQR]: 1.17-2.89) after the first (median OD 3.41, IQR 2.54-3.81, p<0.0001) and second vaccine dose (median OD 3.63, IQR 3.39-3.86, p<0.0001). gE-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T-cell frequencies (n=38) also increased from baseline (median 85 per 106 CD4+ T-cells; IQR: 46-180) to the first (median 128 per 106 CD4+ T-cells; IQR: 82-353; p=0.023) and after the second dose (median 361 per 106 CD4+ T-cells; IQR: 146-848; p<0.0001). Tenderness (83.0%; 95%CI:69.2-92.4%) and redness (31.9%; 95%CI:19.1-47.1%) at injection site were common. One rejection episode within three weeks of vaccination was observed. This is the first study demonstrating that RZV was safe and elicited significant humoral and cell mediated immunity in lung transplant recipients. RZV is a new option for the prevention of shingles in this population.

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