Acute Leukaemia

von Wolff, Michael; Gökbuget, Nicola; Jarisch, Andrea (2020). Acute Leukaemia. In: von Wolff, Michael; Nawroth, Frank (eds.) Fertility Preservation in Oncological and Non-Oncological Diseases (pp. 55-64). Cham: Springer 10.1007/978-3-030-47568-0_8

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Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia occurs with a frequency of 3.3 per 100,000 children and acute myeloid leukaemia with a frequency of 0.7 per 100,000 children aged <15 years. The prognosis is very good, especially for children. In most cases, chemotherapy must be started immediately, so that only sperm, but not oocytes or ovarian tissue can be preserved in advance. Whether a highly gonadotoxic stem cell transplantation is necessary becomes apparent during treatment. Approximately every 20th patient requires a stem cell transplantation. In such cases, preservation of ovarian tissue is the only option for women. However, this option is highly experimental because of intraovarian leukaemia cells. It should only be carried out after careful counselling and in young women for whom, due to their young age, the possibility exists that techniques will be developed enabling the tissue to be used by the time it is needed.

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