Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial.

Sholzberg, Michelle; Tang, Grace H; Rahhal, Hassan; AlHamzah, Musaad; Kreuziger, Lisa Baumann; Áinle, Fionnuala Ní; Alomran, Faris; Alayed, Khalid; Alsheef, Mohammed; AlSumait, Fahad; Pompilio, Carlos Eduardo; Sperlich, Catherine; Tangri, Sabrena; Tang, Terence; Jaksa, Peter; Suryanarayan, Deepa; Almarshoodi, Mozah; Castellucci, Lana A; James, Paula D; Lillicrap, David; ... (2021). Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial. BMJ, 375, n2400. BMJ Publishing Group 10.1136/bmj.n2400

[img]
Preview
Text
Sholzberg_BMJ_2021.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial (CC-BY-NC).

Download (538kB) | Preview

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of therapeutic heparin compared with prophylactic heparin among moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital wards.

DESIGN

Randomised controlled, adaptive, open label clinical trial.

SETTING

28 hospitals in Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and US.

PARTICIPANTS

465 adults admitted to hospital wards with covid-19 and increased D-dimer levels were recruited between 29 May 2020 and 12 April 2021 and were randomly assigned to therapeutic dose heparin (n=228) or prophylactic dose heparin (n=237).

INTERVENTIONS

Therapeutic dose or prophylactic dose heparin (low molecular weight or unfractionated heparin), to be continued until hospital discharge, day 28, or death.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The primary outcome was a composite of death, invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, or admission to an intensive care unit, assessed up to 28 days. The secondary outcomes included all cause death, the composite of all cause death or any mechanical ventilation, and venous thromboembolism. Safety outcomes included major bleeding. Outcomes were blindly adjudicated.

RESULTS

The mean age of participants was 60 years; 264 (56.8%) were men and the mean body mass index was 30.3 kg/m2. At 28 days, the primary composite outcome had occurred in 37/228 patients (16.2%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 52/237 (21.9%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (odds ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.43 to 1.10; P=0.12). Deaths occurred in four patients (1.8%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 18 patients (7.6%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.22, 0.07 to 0.65; P=0.006). The composite of all cause death or any mechanical ventilation occurred in 23 patients (10.1%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 38 (16.0%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.59, 0.34 to 1.02; P=0.06). Venous thromboembolism occurred in two patients (0.9%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and six (2.5%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.34, 0.07 to 1.71; P=0.19). Major bleeding occurred in two patients (0.9%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and four (1.7%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.52, 0.09 to 2.85; P=0.69).

CONCLUSIONS

In moderately ill patients with covid-19 and increased D-dimer levels admitted to hospital wards, therapeutic heparin was not significantly associated with a reduction in the primary outcome but the odds of death at 28 days was decreased. The risk of major bleeding appeared low in this trial.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04362085.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Medical Education > Institute of General Practice and Primary Care (BIHAM)

UniBE Contributor:

Da Costa, Bruno

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services

ISSN:

1756-1833

Publisher:

BMJ Publishing Group

Language:

English

Submitter:

Doris Kopp Heim

Date Deposited:

19 Oct 2021 15:38

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 15:53

Publisher DOI:

10.1136/bmj.n2400

PubMed ID:

34649864

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/160207

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/160207

Actions (login required)

Edit item Edit item
Provide Feedback