The Concept of Pathogenic TH2 Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2021.

Bertschi, Nicole L.; Bazzini, Cecilia; Schlapbach, Christoph (2021). The Concept of Pathogenic TH2 Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2021. International archives of allergy and immunology, 182(5), pp. 365-380. Karger 10.1159/000515144

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T helper (TH) cells have evolved into distinct subsets that mediate specific immune responses to protect the host against a myriad of infectious and noninfectious challenges. However, if dysregulated, TH-cell subsets can cause inflammatory disease. Emerging evidence now suggests that human allergic disease is caused by a distinct subpopulation of pathogenic TH2 cells. Pathogenic TH2 cells from different type-2-driven diseases share a core phenotype and show overlapping functional attributes. The unique differentiation requirements, activating signals, and metabolic characteristics of pathogenic TH2 cells are just being discovered. A better knowledge of this particular TH2 cell population will enable the specific targeting of disease-driving pathways in allergy. In this review, we introduce a rational for classifying TH cells into distinct subsets, discuss the current knowledge on pathogenic TH2 cells, and summarize their involvement in allergic diseases.

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