Baggio, Stéphanie; Heller, Patrick; Perroud, Nader; Buadze, Anna; Schleifer, Roman; Wolff, Hans; Liebrenz, Michael; Gétaz, Laurent (2022). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as a neglected psychiatric disease in prison: Call for identification and treatment. Forensic science international. Mind and law, 3, p. 100071. Elsevier 10.1016/j.fsiml.2022.100071
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Mis-diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an important public health concern because the disease is treatable, yet can have a disastrous effect on the life of those affected. ADHD is associated with delinquency, criminality, and recidivism; and thus, people living in detention are especially at risk of having ADHD. This study investigated prevalence rates of ADHD diagnosis and treatment in prison. Data were collected in a Swiss prison (n=158). Medical files were screened for ADHD clinical diagnosis and treatment, and participants completed five items assessing ADHD symptomatology (ASRS-5). We computed prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 1.9% [95% CI: 1.1%–5.8%] of the participants had a clinical diagnosis of ADHD in medical files. Nobody received ADHD treatment. For the self-reported questionnaire, 12.9% [95% CI: 8.5%–19.2%] of the participants met the cut-off and were screened as potentially having ADHD. This study suggested that ADHD was under-diagnosed and under-treated in prison, with a lower prevalence rate according to the medical files of the participants in comparison with self-reports and with the worldwide meta-analytic prevalence rate of 26.2%. ADHD should receive more attention in order to promote health equity between incarcerated and general populations, to reduce health (care) disparities, and to enhance rehabilitation following incarceration.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute of Legal Medicine > Forensic Psychiatric Services 04 Faculty of Medicine > Medical Education > Institute of General Practice and Primary Care (BIHAM) |
UniBE Contributor: |
Baggio, Stéphanie, Schleifer, Roman, Liebrenz, Michael |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services |
ISSN: |
2666-3538 |
Publisher: |
Elsevier |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Doris Kopp Heim |
Date Deposited: |
14 Feb 2022 15:45 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 16:08 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1016/j.fsiml.2022.100071 |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/165464 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/165464 |
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