PMMA-Cement-PLIF Is Safe and Effective as a Single-Stage Posterior Procedure in Treating Pyogenic Erosive Lumbar Spondylodiscitis-A Single-Center Retrospective Study of 73 Cases.

Deml, Moritz Caspar; Cattaneo, Emmanuelle N; Bigdon, Sebastian Frederick; Sebald, Hans-Jörg; Hoppe, Sven; Heini, Paul; Benneker, Lorin Michael; Albers, Christoph Emanuel (2022). PMMA-Cement-PLIF Is Safe and Effective as a Single-Stage Posterior Procedure in Treating Pyogenic Erosive Lumbar Spondylodiscitis-A Single-Center Retrospective Study of 73 Cases. bioengineering, 9(2) MPDI 10.3390/bioengineering9020073

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BACKGROUND

Surgical treatment for erosive pyogenic spondylodiscitis of the lumbar spine is challenging as, following debridement of the intervertebral and bony abscess, a large and irregular defect is created. Sufficient defect reconstruction with conventional implants using a posterior approach is often impossible. Therefore, we developed the "Cement-PLIF", a single-stage posterior lumbar procedure, combining posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with defect-filling using antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). This study first describes and evaluates the procedure's efficacy, safety, and infection eradication rate. Radiological implant stability, bone-regeneration, sagittal profile reconstruction, procedure-related complications, and pre-existing comorbidities were further analyzed.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study analyzing 73 consecutive patients with a minimum of a one-year follow-up from 2000-2017. Patient-reported pain levels and improvement in infectious serological parameters evaluated the clinical outcome. Sagittal profile reconstruction, anterior bone-regeneration, and posterior fusion were analyzed in a.p. and lateral radiographs. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the impact of pre-existing comorbidities on mortality. Pre-existing comorbidities were quantified using the Charlson-Comorbidity Index (CCI).

RESULTS

Mean follow-up was 3.3 (range: 1-16; ±3.2) years. There was no evidence of infection persistence in all patients at the one-year follow-up. One patient underwent revision surgery for early local infection recurrence (1.4%). Five (6.9%) patients required an early secondary intervention at the same level due to minor complications. Radiological follow-up revealed implant stability in 70/73 (95.9%) cases. Successful sagittal reconstruction was demonstrated in all patients (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between Kaplan-Meier survival and the number of pre-existing comorbidities (24-months-survival: CCI ≤ 3: 100%; CCI ≥ 3: 84.6%; p = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

The Cement-PLIF procedure for pyogenic erosive spondylodiscitis is an effective and safe treatment as evaluated by infection elimination, clinical outcome, restoration, and maintenance of stability and sagittal alignment.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Orthopaedic, Plastic and Hand Surgery (DOPH) > Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery

UniBE Contributor:

Deml, Moritz Caspar, Bigdon, Sebastian, Hoppe, Sven, Benneker, Lorin Michael, Albers, Christoph E.

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

2306-5354

Publisher:

MPDI

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

25 Feb 2022 11:03

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 16:10

Publisher DOI:

10.3390/bioengineering9020073

PubMed ID:

35200426

Uncontrolled Keywords:

PMMA bony erosion discitis osteomyelitis polymethylmethacrylate spinal implants spinal infection spine spondylodiscitis staphylococcus aureus

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/166029

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/166029

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