Fostering cognitive performance in older adults with a process- and a strategy-based cognitive training.

Studer-Luethi, Barbara; Bösch, Valérie; Lusti, Simon; Meier, Beat (2023). Fostering cognitive performance in older adults with a process- and a strategy-based cognitive training. Aging, neuropsychology and cognition, 30(5), pp. 837-859. Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group 10.1080/13825585.2022.2105298

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The present study investigates the impact of process-based and strategy-based cognitive training to boost performance in healthy older adults. Three groups trained with either a dichotic listening training (process-based training, n = 25), an implementation intention strategy training (strategy-based training, n = 23), or served as a non-contact control group (n = 30). Our results demonstrated that training participants improved their performance in the trained tasks (process-based training: d = 3.01, strategy-based training: d = 2.6). For untrained tasks, the process-based training group showed significant working memory (d = .58) as well as episodic memory task improvement (d = 1.19) compared to the strategy-based training and to the non-contact control group (all d < .03). In contrast, in the strategy-based training group there was a tendency towards some performance gain in a fluid intelligence test (d = .92). These results indicate that cognitive training can be tailored to improve specific cognitive abilities.

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