Guggisberg, Dominik; Burton-Pimentel, Kathryn J; Walther, Barbara; Badertscher, René; Blaser, Carola; Portmann, Reto; Schmid, Alexandra; Radtke, Thomas; Saner, Hugo; Fournier, Nadine; Bütikofer, Ueli; Vergères, Guy (2022). Molecular effects of the consumption of margarine and butter varying in trans fat composition: a parallel human intervention study. Lipids in health and disease, 21(1), p. 74. BioMed Central 10.1186/s12944-022-01675-1
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BACKGROUND
Whereas the dietary intake of industrial trans fatty acids (iTFA) has been specifically associated with inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes, understanding the impact of dietary fats on human health remains challenging owing to their complex composition and individual effects of their lipid components on metabolism. The aim of this study is to profile the composition of blood, measured by the fatty acid (FAs) profile and untargeted metabolome of serum and the transcriptome of blood cells, in order to identify molecular signatures that discriminate dietary fat intakes.
METHODS
In a parallel study, the molecular effects of consuming dairy fat containing ruminant TFA (rTFA) or margarine containing iTFA were investigated. Healthy volunteers (n = 42; 45-69 y) were randomly assigned to diets containing margarine without TFA as major source of fat (wTFA control group with 0.4 g TFA per 100 g margarine), margarine with iTFA (iTFA group with 4.1 g TFA per 100 g margarine), or butter with rTFA (rTFA group with 6.3 g TFA per 100 g butter) for 4 weeks. The amounts of test products were individually selected so that fat intake contributed to 30-33% of energy requirements and TFA in the rTFA and iTFA groups contributed to up to 2% of energy intake. Changes in fasting blood values of lipid profiles (GC with flame-ionization detection), metabolome profiles (LC-MS, GC-MS), and gene expression (microarray) were measured.
RESULTS
Eighteen FAs, as well as 242 additional features measured by LC-MS (185) and GC-MS (54) showed significantly different responses to the diets (PFDR-adjusted < 0.05), mainly distinguishing butter from the margarine diets while gene expression was not differentially affected. The most abundant TFA in the butter, i.e. TFA containing (E)-octadec-11-enoic acid (C18:1 t11; trans vaccenic acid), and margarines, i.e. TFA containing (E)-octadec-9-enoic acid (C18:1 t9; elaidic acid) were reflected in the significantly different serum levels of TFAs measured after the dietary interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
The untargeted serum metabolome differentiates margarine from butter intake although the identification of the discriminating features remains a bottleneck. The targeted serum FA profile provides detailed information on specific molecules differentiating not only butter from margarine intake but also diets with different content of iTFAs in margarine.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00933322.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) |
UniBE Contributor: |
Saner, Hugo Ernst |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services |
ISSN: |
1476-511X |
Publisher: |
BioMed Central |
Funders: |
[71] Agroscope |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Pubmed Import |
Date Deposited: |
22 Aug 2022 09:42 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 16:22 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1186/s12944-022-01675-1 |
PubMed ID: |
35982449 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Butter Circulating lipids Margarine Metabolome Trans fatty acids Transcriptome |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/172222 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/172222 |
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