Derks, Britt; Demirbas, Didem; Arantes, Rodrigo R; Banford, Samantha; Burlina, Alberto B; Cabrera, Analía; Chiesa, Ana; Couce, M Luz; Dionisi-Vici, Carlo; Gautschi, Matthias; Grünewald, Stephanie; Morava, Eva; Möslinger, Dorothea; Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine; Skouma, Anastasia; Stepien, Karolina M; Timson, David J; Berry, Gerard T; Rubio-Gozalbo, M Estela (2022). Galactose epimerase deficiency: lessons from the GalNet registry. Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 17(1), p. 331. BioMed Central 10.1186/s13023-022-02494-4
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BACKGROUND
Galactose epimerase (GALE) deficiency is a rare hereditary disorder of galactose metabolism with only a few cases described in the literature. This study aims to present the data of patients with GALE deficiency from different countries included through the Galactosemia Network to further expand the existing knowledge and review the current diagnostic strategy, treatment and follow-up of this not well characterized entity.
METHODS
Observational study collecting medical data from December 2014 to April 2022 of 22 not previously reported patients from 14 centers in 9 countries. Patients were classified as generalized or non-generalized based on their genotype, enzyme activities in different tissues and/or clinical picture and professional judgment of the treating physician.
RESULTS
In total 6 patients were classified as generalized and 16 as non-generalized. In the generalized group, acute neonatal illness was reported in 3, cognitive and developmental delays were present in 5 and hearing problems were reported in 3. Four generalized patients were homozygous for the genetic variant NM_001008216.2:c.280G > A (p.Val94Met). In the non-generalized group, no clearly related symptoms were found. Ten novel genetic variants were reported in this study population.
CONCLUSION
The phenotypic spectrum of GALE deficiency ranges from asymptomatic to severe. The generalized patients have a phenotype that is in line with the 9 described cases in the literature and prescribing dietary interventions is the cornerstone for treatment. In the non-generalized group, treatment advice is more difficult. To be able to offer proper counseling, in addition to red blood cell enzyme activity, genetic studies, transferrin glycoform analysis and enzymatic measurements in fibroblasts are recommended. Due to lack of facilities, additional enzymatic testing is not common practice in many centers nor a tailored long-term follow-up is performed.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine > Endocrinology/Metabolic Disorders |
UniBE Contributor: |
Gautschi, Matthias |
Subjects: |
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health |
ISSN: |
1750-1172 |
Publisher: |
BioMed Central |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Anette van Dorland |
Date Deposited: |
05 Sep 2022 09:56 |
Last Modified: |
05 Dec 2022 16:23 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1186/s13023-022-02494-4 |
PubMed ID: |
36056436 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Galactose epimerase deficiency Galactose-restricted diet Galactosemia type III Galactosemias Network |
BORIS DOI: |
10.48350/172664 |
URI: |
https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/172664 |
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