Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive functioning in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis: secondary analysis of the NEURAPRO randomised controlled trial.

Cheng, Nicholas; McLaverty, Alison; Nelson, Barnaby; Markulev, Connie; Schäfer, Miriam R; Berger, Maximus; Mossaheb, Nilufar; Schlögelhofer, Monika; Smesny, Stefan; Hickie, Ian B; Berger, Gregor E; Chen, Eric Y H; de Haan, Lieuwe; Nieman, Dorien H; Nordentoft, Merete; Riecher-Rössler, Anita; Verma, Swapna; Street, Rebekah; Thompson, Andrew; Yuen, Hok Pan; ... (2022). Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive functioning in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis: secondary analysis of the NEURAPRO randomised controlled trial. BJPsych open, 8(5), e165. The Royal College of Psychiatrists 10.1192/bjo.2022.572

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BACKGROUND

Cognitive impairments are well-established features of psychotic disorders and are present when individuals are at ultra-high risk for psychosis. However, few interventions target cognitive functioning in this population.

AIMS

To investigate whether omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation improves cognitive functioning among individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis.

METHOD

Data (N = 225) from an international, multi-site, randomised controlled trial (NEURAPRO) were analysed. Participants were given omega-3 supplementation (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) or placebo over 6 months. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Mixed two-way analyses of variance were computed to compare the change in cognitive performance between omega-3 supplementation and placebo over 6 months. An additional biomarker analysis explored whether change in erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels predicted change in cognitive performance.

RESULTS

The placebo group showed a modest greater improvement over time than the omega-3 supplementation group for motor speed (ηp2 = 0.09) and BACS composite score (ηp2 = 0.21). After repeating the analyses without individuals who transitioned, motor speed was no longer significant (ηp2 = 0.02), but the composite score remained significant (ηp2 = 0.02). Change in erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels did not predict change in cognitive performance over 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS

We found no evidence to support the use of omega-3 supplementation to improve cognitive functioning in ultra-high risk individuals. The biomarker analysis suggests that this finding is unlikely to be attributed to poor adherence or consumption of non-trial n-3 PUFAs.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > University Psychiatric Services > University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

UniBE Contributor:

Berger, Maximus

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

2056-4724

Publisher:

The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

12 Sep 2022 11:39

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 16:24

Publisher DOI:

10.1192/bjo.2022.572

PubMed ID:

36073014

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Cognition clinical high risk early intervention psychotic disorders randomised controlled trial

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/172778

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/172778

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