Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS): a challenging diagnosis not to be overlooked-single center report and pictorial essay.

Leoni, F G; Magnano San Lio, P; De Molo, C; Bakken, S; Ferronato, M; Dietrich, C F; Serra, C (2023). Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS): a challenging diagnosis not to be overlooked-single center report and pictorial essay. Journal of ultrasound, 26(1), pp. 249-254. Springer 10.1007/s40477-022-00723-x

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Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease with a variable clinical presentation and often late diagnosis. Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) permits to determine the site of the obstructed venous tracts, the thrombotic or non-thrombotic nature of the obstruction with its morphologic features and the flow-pattern alterations. Other non-specific findings, which are seen in most of the other liver diseases, include ascites, hepatosplenomegaly and caudate hypertrophy. The aim of this study is to show our experience in BCS reporting retrospectively 15 cases referred to our hepatology center between 2017 and 2021. Four selected cases depict the extreme heterogeneous behaviour of BCS and highlight the importance of DUS as a diagnostic tool when there is a clinical suspicion. In patients, mainly young, who present with ascites and abdominal pain, BCS has to be considered and DUS is the first imaging technique to be performed to rule it out.

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