Skin hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy with polidocanol: A systematic review.

Bossart, Simon; Daneluzzi, Cloé; Cazzaniga, Simone; Ramelet, Albert-Adrien; Uthoff, Heiko; Seyed Jafari, S Morteza; Baumgartner, Marc; Hunger, Robert E; Heidemeyer, Kristine; Willenberg, Torsten (2023). Skin hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy with polidocanol: A systematic review. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 37(2), pp. 274-283. Wiley 10.1111/jdv.18639

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Skin hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy with polidocanol-containing sclerosants is a common local side effect. Sclerotherapists should be familiar with factors that trigger hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy with polidocanol-containing sclerosants. A systematic literature review of works reporting hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy for telangiectasias, reticular veins, side branches, and truncal varices with polidocanol-containing sclerosants was performed. Reported incidence rates, follow-up periods, and potentially triggering factors were assessed and analysed. The search yielded 1687 results; of these, 27 reports met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of hyperpigmentation seemed to increase with higher concentrations of polidocanol and was more evident after sclerotherapy for epifascial veins than for intrafascial truncal veins when the polidocanol concentration was more than 0.25%. Regarding sclerotherapy for telangiectasias and reticular veins, the incidence of hyperpigmentation ranged between 2% and 25% for polidocanol 0.25% (liquid and foam), between 12.5% and 67.9% for polidocanol 0.5% (liquid and foam), and between 13% and 73% for polidocanol 1% (liquid and foam). Regarding truncal veins, the incidence ranged from 7% to 45.8% for polidocanol 1% (liquid and foam), from 16% to 17% for polidocanol 2% (foam), and from 7.4% to 32.5% for polidocanol 3% (liquid and foam). Regarding the treatment of side branches, the incidence of hyperpigmentation ranged from 5.6% to 53% for both foam and liquid sclerotherapy. Regarding the duration of hyperpigmentation, there are few data describing reticular veins and telangiectasias. Hyperpigmentation persisting for more than 6 months has been reported to have an incidence of up to 7.5%. Hyperpigmentation persisting for more than 1 year after foam polidocanol 1% to 3% treatment for truncal veins has an incidence ranging from 8.1% to 17.5%. Other factors such as higher volumes and compression therapy after treatment seem to have a minor influence. Data regarding hyperpigmentation after polidocanol-related sclerotherapy are poor and should be improved by higher-quality research.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Review Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Dermatology, Urology, Rheumatology, Nephrology, Osteoporosis (DURN) > Clinic of Dermatology

UniBE Contributor:

Bossart, Simon, Cazzaniga, Simone, Jafari, Morteza, Baumgartner, Marc (A), Hunger, Robert, Heidemeyer, Kristine

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

1468-3083

Publisher:

Wiley

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

06 Oct 2022 14:10

Last Modified:

06 Oct 2023 00:25

Publisher DOI:

10.1111/jdv.18639

PubMed ID:

36196455

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/173524

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/173524

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