Psychobiological personality traits of children and adolescents with disorders of arousal.

Turner, Katherine; Castelnovo, Anna; Perogamvros, Lampros; Cloninger, Robert C; Galbiati, Andrea; Bertolotti, Alessia; Proserpio, Paola; Terzaghi, Michele; Manni, Raffaele; Ferini Strambi, Luigi; Nobili, Lino; Manconi, Mauro; Canevini, Maria Paola; Zambrelli, Elena (2023). Psychobiological personality traits of children and adolescents with disorders of arousal. Journal of psychiatric research, 158, pp. 42-48. Elsevier 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.035

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INTRODUCTION

Disorders of arousal (DOA) are parasomnias that emerge from incomplete arousal out of Non-Rem Sleep (NREM) and lead to a broad variety of emotional and motor behaviours. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that specific psychopathological traits contribute to the multifactorial origin of these phenomena. The aim of the current multicenter study was to compare the personality profile of children and adolescents with and without DOA using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI).

METHODS

We enrolled 36 patients with a diagnosis of DOA (mean age of 11 ± 3 years, 64% males), and 36 healthy age and gender matched control subjects (mean age of 11.2 ± 3.6, years, 67% males). Their parents completed the Paris Arousal Disorder Severity Scale (PADSS), the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the JTCI.

RESULTS

Patients with DOA reached significantly higher levels compared to their control group in total PADSS (p < 0.0001) and in total SDSC (p < 0.0001). They also displayed higher scores in novelty seeking (p = 0.005), harm avoidance (p = 0.01), self-transcendence (p = 0.006) JTCI subscales, and lower scores on the self-directedness subscale (p = 0.004).

CONCLUSION

Our pediatric sample with DOA exhibited specific psychobiological personality traits compared to age and gender matched subjects without DOA. These results shed light on new possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms, as TCI traits have been linked to specific genetic variants and brain circuits, like the reward system. Prospective studies are required to assess the effect of targeted psychological/psychiatric treatment on DOA symptomatology.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > University Psychiatric Services > University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy > Translational Research Center
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Head Organs and Neurology (DKNS) > Clinic of Neurology

UniBE Contributor:

Castelnovo, Anna, Manconi, Mauro

Subjects:

600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health

ISSN:

0022-3956

Publisher:

Elsevier

Language:

English

Submitter:

Pubmed Import

Date Deposited:

06 Jan 2023 09:32

Last Modified:

13 Jun 2024 14:45

Publisher DOI:

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.035

PubMed ID:

36571910

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Confusional arousal NREM sleep parasomnias Night terror Psychopathology Sleepwalking Somnambulism

BORIS DOI:

10.48350/176549

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/176549

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