The Variations of the Oberaar Glacier During the 18th, 19th and 20th Century

Ammann, Klaus (1979). The Variations of the Oberaar Glacier During the 18th, 19th and 20th Century. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie ZGG, 12(2), pp. 253-291. Wagner

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In order to study the history of plant communities in the Oberaar Valley (Switzerland, 6 km WSW Grimsel pass) it was necessary to also consider the glacial variation of the nearby Oberaar Glacier. Moraines l- 4 were dated and the maximum age of the subsequent forefields l- 3 estimated, using about 30 documents (photographs, engravings, maps, reliefs, unpublished and published accounts). Glacial variations resulting in moraines seen today were as follows :
1. Maximum advance in postglacial times: About 1860. Produced moraine ("Wall") W 1, destroyed moraines Wa and Wb.
2. Advance or stationary phase until about 1890. Formation of moraines W2 and W3 around 1890.
3. Last advance about 1920, formation of moraine W 4. For additional information see chapters 3, 4 and 5 and graph fig. 19.
From those moraine dates the following maximum ages of the forefields 1- 3 can be derived :
Forefield 1 (inside moraine W1): About 110 years (98-115 years).
Forefield 2 (inside moraine W2 and 3): 75-90 years.
Forefield 3 (inside moraine W 4) : 50 years and younger.
In the introduction and the appendix (chapter 7) the structure of the research program is given in rough outlines and some preliminary results are presented: 7.1. Present vegetation of the Oberaar Valley. 7.2. Pollen morphology of the Grimsel flora. 7.3. Modern surface samples and pollen analyses of two profiles.

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