Applications of near-infrared spectroscopy in “anaerobic” diagnostics – SmO2 kinetics reflect PCr dephosphorylation and correlate with maximal lactate accumulation and maximal pedalling rate

Dunst, Anna Katharina; Manunzio, Christian; Feldmann, Andri; Hesse, Clemens (2023). Applications of near-infrared spectroscopy in “anaerobic” diagnostics – SmO2 kinetics reflect PCr dephosphorylation and correlate with maximal lactate accumulation and maximal pedalling rate. Biology of sport, 40(4), pp. 1019-1031. Termedia Publishing 10.5114/biolsport.2023.122481

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We investigated the relationship of the time-dependent behaviour of muscle oxygen saturation
SmO2(t), phosphagen energy supply WPCr(t) and blood lactate accumulation ΔBLC(t) during a 60-s all-out cycling
sprint and tested SmO2(t) for correlations with the end of the fatigue-free state tFf, maximal pedalling rate PRmax
and maximal blood lactate accumulation rate v̇Lamax. Nine male elite track cyclists performed four maximal sprints
(3, 8, 12, 60 s) on a cycle ergometer. Crank force and cadence were monitored continuously to determine PRmax
and tFf based on force-velocity profiles. SmO2 of the vastus lateralis muscle and respiratory gases were measured
until the 30th minute after exercise. WPCr was calculated based on the fast component of the post-exercise oxygen
uptake for each sprint. Before and for 30 minutes after each sprint, capillary blood samples were taken to
determine the associated ΔBLC. Temporal changes of SmO2, WPCr and ΔBLC were analysed via non-linear regression
analysis. v̇Lamax was calculated based on ΔBLC(t) as the highest blood lactate accumulation rate. All models
showed excellent quality (R2
> 0.95). The time constant of SmO2(t) τSmO2 = 2.93±0.65 s was correlated with
the time constant of WPCr(t) τPCr = 3.23±0.67 s (r = 0.790, p < 0.012), v̇Lamax = 0.95±0.18 mmol·l
−1 ·s
−1
(r = 0.768, p < 0.017) and PRmax = 299.51±14.70 rpm (r = -0.670, p < 0.049). tFf was correlated with
τSmO2 (r = 0.885, p < 0.001). Our results show a time-dependent reflection of SmO2 kinetics and phosphagen
energy contribution during a 60-s maximal cycling sprint. A high v̇Lamax results in a reduction, a high PRmax in
an increase of the desaturation rate. The half-life of SmO2 desaturation indicates the end of the fatigue-free state.

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