Extramedullary relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy

de Botton, S; Sanz, MA; Chevret, S; Dombret, H; Martin, G; Thomas, X; Mediavilla, JD; Recher, C; Ades, L; Quesnel, B; Brault, P; Fey, M; Wandt, H; Machover, D; Guerci, A; Maloisel, F; Stoppa, AM; Rayon, C; Ribera, JM; Chomienne, C; ... (2006). Extramedullary relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Leukemia, 20(1), pp. 35-41. Basingstoke: Nature Publishing Group 10.1038/sj.leu.2404006

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We analyzed the incidence, presenting features, risk factors of extramedullary (EM) relapse occurring in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy by using a competing-risk method. In total, 740/ 806 (92%) patients included in three multicenter trials (APL91, APL93 trials and PETHEMA 96) achieved CR, of whom 169 (23%) relapsed, including 10 EM relapses. Nine relapses involved the central nervous system (CNS) and one the skin, of which two were isolated EM relapse. In patients with EM disease, median WBC count was 26950/mm3 (7700-162000). The 3-year cumulative incidence of EM disease at first relapse was 5.0%. Univariate analysis identified age <45 years (P=0.05), bcr3 PML-RARalpha isoform (P= 0.0003) and high WBC counts (> or = 10,000/ mm3) (P<0.0001) as risk factors for EM relapse. In multivariate analysis, only high WBC count remained significant (P= 0.001). Patients with EM relapse had a poorer outcome since median survival from EM relapse was 6.7 months as compared to 26.3 months for isolated BM relapse (P=0.04). In conclusion, EM relapse in APL occurs more frequently in patients with increased WBC counts (> or = 10,000/mm3) and carries a poor prognosis. Whether CNS prophylaxis should be systematically performed in patients with WBC > or = 10,000/mm3 at diagnosis remains to be established.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Medical Oncology
UniBE Contributor:	Fey, Martin
ISSN:	0887-6924
ISBN:	16307026
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Language:	English
Submitter:	Factscience Import
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2013 14:46
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 14:14
Publisher DOI:	10.1038/sj.leu.2404006
PubMed ID:	16307026
Web of Science ID:	000233956600005
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/19005 (FactScience: 1370)