Canine distemper virus infection of primary hippocampal cells induces increase in extracellular glutamate and neurodegeneration

Brunner, Jean-Marc; Plattet, Philippe; Majcherczyk, Paul; Zurbriggen, Andreas; Wittek, Riccardo; Hirling, Harald (2007). Canine distemper virus infection of primary hippocampal cells induces increase in extracellular glutamate and neurodegeneration. Journal of neurochemistry, 103(3), pp. 1184-95. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04819.x

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The canine distemper virus (CDV) belongs to the Morbillivirus genus which includes important human pathogens like the closely related measles virus. CDV infection can reach the nervous system where it causes serious malfunctions. Although this pathology is well described, the molecular events in brain infection are still poorly understood. Here we studied infection in vitro by CDV using a model of dissociated cell cultures from newborn rat hippocampus. We used a recombinant CDV closely related to the neurovirulent A75/17 which also expresses the enhanced green fluorescent protein. We found that infected neurons and astrocytes could be clearly detected, and that infection spreads only slowly to neighboring cells. Interestingly, this infection causes a massive cell death of neurons, which includes also non-infected neurons. Antagonists of NMDA-type or alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propinate (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors could slow down this neuron loss, indicating an involvement of the glutamatergic system in the induction of cell death in infected and non-infected cells. Finally, we show that, following CDV infection, there is a steady increase in extracellular glutamate in infected cultures. These results indicate that CDV infection induces excitotoxic insults on neurons via glutamatergic signaling.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH) > Experimental Clinical Research
UniBE Contributor:	Plattet, Philippe, Zurbriggen, Andreas (A)
ISSN:	0022-3042
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
Language:	English
Submitter:	Factscience Import
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2013 14:52
Last Modified:	29 Mar 2023 23:32
Publisher DOI:	10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04819.x
PubMed ID:	17680994
Web of Science ID:	000250266500030
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/22256 (FactScience: 33616)