Salt sensitivity of children with low birth weight

Simonetti, Giacomo D; Raio, Luigi; Surbek, Daniel; Nelle, Mathias; Frey, Felix J; Mohaupt, Markus G (2008). Salt sensitivity of children with low birth weight. Hypertension, 52(4), pp. 625-30. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.114983

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Compromised intrauterine fetal growth leading to low birth weight (<2500 g) is associated with adulthood renal and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of salt intake on blood pressure (salt sensitivity) in children with low birth weight. White children (n=50; mean age: 11.3+/-2.1 years) born with low (n=35) or normal (n=15) birth weight and being either small or appropriate for gestational age (n=25 in each group) were investigated. The glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Schwartz formula, and renal size was measured by ultrasound. Salt sensitivity was assigned if mean 24-hour blood pressure increased by >or=3 mm Hg on a high-salt diet as compared with a controlled-salt diet. Baseline office blood pressure was higher and glomerular filtration rate lower in children born with low birth weight as compared with children born at term with appropriate weight (P<0.05). Salt sensitivity was present in 37% and 47% of all of the low birth weight and small for gestational age children, respectively, higher even than healthy young adults from the same region. Kidney length and volume (both P<0.0001) were reduced in low birth weight children. Salt sensitivity inversely correlated with kidney length (r(2)=0.31; P=0.005) but not with glomerular filtration rate. We conclude that a reduced renal mass in growth-restricted children poses a risk for a lower renal function and for increased salt sensitivity. Whether the changes in renal growth are causative or are the consequence of the same abnormal "fetal programming" awaits clarification.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Paediatric Medicine 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Endocrinology (DFKE) > Clinic of Gynaecology 04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Dermatology, Urology, Rheumatology, Nephrology, Osteoporosis (DURN) > Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension
UniBE Contributor:	Simonetti, Giacomo, Raio, Luigi, Surbek, Daniel, Nelle, Mathias, Frey, Felix (B), Mohaupt, Markus
ISSN:	0194-911X
ISBN:	18695145
Publisher:	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Language:	English
Submitter:	Anette van Dorland
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2013 15:03
Last Modified:	29 Mar 2023 23:33
Publisher DOI:	10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.114983
PubMed ID:	18695145
Web of Science ID:	000259279000010
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/27224 (FactScience: 105077)