Retaining perivascular tissue of human saphenous vein grafts protects against surgical and distension-induced damage and preserves endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase activity

Dashwood, Michael R; Savage, Kay; Tsui, Janice C S; Dooley, Audrey; Shaw, Sidney G; Fernández Alfonso, Maria S; Bodin, Lennart; Souza, Domingos S R (2009). Retaining perivascular tissue of human saphenous vein grafts protects against surgical and distension-induced damage and preserves endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase activity. Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 138(2), pp. 334-40. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.11.060

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OBJECTIVE: Conventional harvesting of saphenous vein used for coronary artery bypass surgery induces a vasospasm that is overcome by high-pressure distension. Saphenous vein harvested with its cushion of perivascular tissue by a "no touch" technique does not undergo vasospasm and distension is not required, leading to an improved graft patency. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of surgical damage and high-pressure distension on endothelial integrity and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and activity in saphenous vein harvested with and without perivascular tissue. METHODS: Saphenous veins from patients (n = 26) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were prepared with and without perivascular tissue. We analyzed the effect of 300 mm Hg distension on morphology and endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide synthase activity using a combination of immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme assay in distended (with and without perivascular tissue) compared with nondistended (with and without perivascular tissue) segments. RESULTS: Distension induced substantial damage to the luminal endothelium (assessed by CD31 staining) and vessel wall. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and activity were significantly reduced by high-pressure distension and removal of, or damage to, perivascular tissue. The effect of distension was significantly less for those with perivascular tissue than for those without perivascular tissue in most cases. CONCLUSION: The success of the saphenous vein used as a bypass graft is affected by surgical trauma and distension. Veins removed with minimal damage exhibit increased patency rates. We show that retention of perivascular tissue on saphenous vein prepared for coronary artery bypass surgery by the "no touch" technique protects against distension-induced damage, preserves vessel morphology, and maintains endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide synthase activity.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > BioMedical Research (DBMR) > DCR Unit Tiefenau Hospital [discontinued] > Forschungsgruppe Vasoaktive Peptide [discontinued]
UniBE Contributor:	Shaw, Sidney
ISSN:	0022-5223
Publisher:	Mosby
Language:	English
Submitter:	Factscience Import
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2013 15:13
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 14:22
Publisher DOI:	10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.11.060
PubMed ID:	19619776
Web of Science ID:	000268157800012
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/32254 (FactScience: 197275)