Obesity and overweight as a risk factor for pneumonia in polytrauma patients: a retrospective cohort study

Mica, Ladislav; Keller, Catharina; Vomela, Jindřich; Trentz, Otmar; Plecko, Michael; Keel, Marius J. (2013). Obesity and overweight as a risk factor for pneumonia in polytrauma patients: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 75(4), pp. 693-698. Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 10.1097/TA.0b013e31829a0bdd

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BACKGROUND

Obesity is a growing problem in western societies. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the association between the overweight and obese polytrauma patients and pneumonia after injury.

METHODS

A total of 628 patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 16 or greater and 16 years or older were included in this retrospective study. The sample was subdivided into three groups as follows: body mass index (BMI) of less than 25 kg/m2; BMI of 25 kg/m2 to 30 kg/m2; and BMI more than 30 kg/m2. The Murray score was assessed at admission and at its maximum during hospitalization to determine pulmonary problems. Pneumonia was defined as bacteriologically positive sputum with appropriate radiologic and laboratory changes (C-reactive protein and interleukin 6). Data are given as mean ± SEM. One-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the analyses, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05; Bonferroni-Dunn test was performed as post hoc analysis.

RESULTS

The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score for the thorax was 3.2 ± 0.1 in the group with a BMI of less than 25 kg/m2, 3.3 ± 0.1 in the group with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 to 30 kg/m2, and 2.8 ± 0.2 in the group with BMI of more than 30 kg/m2 (p = 0.044). The Murray score at admission was elevated with increasing BMI (0.8 ± 0.8 for BMI < 25 kg/m2, 0.9 ± 0.9 for BMI 25–30 kg/m2, and 1.0 ± 0.8 for BMI > 30 kg/m2; p = 0.137); the maximum Murray score during hospitalization revealed significant differences (1.2 ± 0.9 for BMI < 25 kg/m2, 1.6 ± 1.0 for BMI 25–30 kg/m2, and 1.5 ± 0.9 for BMI > 30 kg/m2; p < 0.001). The incidence of pneumonia also increased with increasing BMI (1.6% for BMI < 25 kg/m2, 2.0% for BMI 25–30 kg/m2, and 3.1% for BMI > 30 kg/m2; p = 0.044).

CONCLUSION

Obesity leads to an increased incidence of pneumonia in a polytrauma situation.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level IV.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Orthopaedic, Plastic and Hand Surgery (DOPH) > Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery
UniBE Contributor:	Keel, Marius
Subjects:	600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
ISSN:	2163-0755
Publisher:	Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Language:	English
Submitter:	Stephanie Schmutz
Date Deposited:	07 Mar 2014 03:53
Last Modified:	05 Dec 2022 14:28
Publisher DOI:	10.1097/TA.0b013e31829a0bdd
PubMed ID:	24064885
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/42658