Long-term stability of surgical bone regenerative procedures of peri-implantitis lesions in a prospective case-control study over 3 years

Roos-Jansåker, Ann-Marie; Lindahl, Christel; Persson, Gösta Rutger; Renvert, Stefan (2011). Long-term stability of surgical bone regenerative procedures of peri-implantitis lesions in a prospective case-control study over 3 years. Journal of clinical periodontology, 38(6), pp. 590-597. Frederiksberg (DK): Wiley 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01729.x

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Objectives: To evaluate the extent of bone fill over 3 years following the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis with bone grafting with or without a membrane.

Material and Methods: In a non-submerged wound-healing mode, 15 subjects with 27 implants were treated with a bone substitute (Algipore®) alone and 17 subjects with 29 implants were treated with the bone substitute and a resorbable membrane (Osseoquest®). Implants with radiographic bone loss ≥1.8 mm following the first year in function and with bleeding and/or pus on probing were included. Following surgery, subjects were given systemic antibiotics (10 days) and rinsed with chlorhexidine. After initial healing, the subjects were enrolled in a strict maintenance programme.

Results: Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate changes in bone fill between 1 and 3 years both between and within procedure groups. The mean defect fill at 3 years was 1.3 ± (SD) 1.3 mm if treated with the bone substitute alone and 1.6 ± (SD) 1.2 mm if treated with an adjunct resorbable membrane, (p=0.40). The plaque index decreased from approximately 40–10%, remaining stable during the following 2 years.

Conclusion: Defect fill using a bone substitute with or without a membrane technique in the treatment of peri-implantitis can be maintained over 3 years.

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