Molekulare Mechanismen der Anpassungsfähigkeit der Skelettmuskulatur

Hoppeler, Hans-Heinrich; Baum, Oliver; Müller, Matthias; Lurman, Glenn (2011). Molekulare Mechanismen der Anpassungsfähigkeit der Skelettmuskulatur. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin und Sporttraumatologie, 59, pp. 6-13. Bern: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Sportmedizin SGSM

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Human skeletal muscle exhibits an outstanding phenotypic plasticity.
Endurance training leads to massive increases of mitochondria
and improves capillarization. Strength training increases muscle
cross-sectional area mainly by increasing myofibrillar proteins.
Over the last 15 years many molecular techniques have become
available which have allowed for understanding of the basic adaptive
mechanism behind muscle plasticity. Multiple parallel pathways
increasing mainly transcriptional activities for selected muscle
proteins are responsible for endurance training related muscle
changes. Muscle changes associated with strength training are
dominantly achieved by modifying translational mechanisms. This
review intends to delineate the relevant molecular mechanism in a
functional context which is responsible for the phenotypic plasticity
of adult skeletal muscle tissue.

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