Institutions and coalitions in policy processes: a cross-sectoral comparison

Fischer, Manuel (2015). Institutions and coalitions in policy processes: a cross-sectoral comparison. Journal of public policy, 35(02), pp. 245-268. Cambridge University Press 10.1017/S0143814X14000166

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Actors with joint beliefs in a decision-making process form coalitions
in order to translate their goals into policy. Yet, coalitions are not formed in an
institutional void, but rather institutions confer opportunities and constraints to
actors. This paper studies the institutional conditions under which either coalition
structures with a dominant coalition or with competing coalitions emerge. It takes
into account three conditions, i.e. the degree of federalism of a project, its degree
of Europeanisation and the openness of the pre-parliamentary phase of the
decision-making process. The cross-sectoral comparison includes the 11 most
important decision-making processes in Switzerland between 2001 and 2006 with
a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Results suggest that Europeanisation
or an open pre-parliamentary phase lead to a dominant coalition, whereas only a
specific combination of all three conditions is able to explain a structure with
competing coalitions.

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