Pestiviruses.

Schweizer, Matthias; Peterhans, Ernst (2014). Pestiviruses. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 2(1), pp. 141-163. Annual Reviews 10.1146/annurev-animal-022513-114209

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Pestiviruses cause economically important diseases among domestic ruminants and pigs, but they may also infect a wide spectrum of wild species of even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla). Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and Border disease virus of sheep infect their hosts either transiently or persistently. Cellular and humoral immunotolerance to the infecting strain is a unique feature of persistent infection (PI) by ruminant pestiviruses. Persistence, caused by transplacental infection early in fetal development, depends on virally encoded interferon antagonists that inactivate the host's innate immune response to the virus without globally interfering with its function against other viruses. At epidemiological equilibrium, approximately 1-2% of animals are PI. Successful BVDV control programs show that removal of PI animals results in viral extinction in the host population. The nucleotide sequences of ruminant pestiviruses change little during persistent infection. Nevertheless, they display large heterogeneity, pointing to a long history of virus-host coevolution in which avirulent strains are more successful.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	05 Veterinary Medicine > Research Foci > Host-Pathogen Interaction 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP) > Institute of Virology and Immunology 05 Veterinary Medicine > Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
UniBE Contributor:	Schweizer, Matthias, Peterhans, Ernst
Subjects:	600 Technology > 630 Agriculture
ISSN:	2165-8110
Publisher:	Annual Reviews
Language:	English
Submitter:	Barbara Gautschi-Steffen
Date Deposited:	09 Apr 2015 13:42
Last Modified:	07 Jan 2024 00:38
Publisher DOI:	10.1146/annurev-animal-022513-114209
PubMed ID:	25384138
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BDV, BVDV, Border disease virus, CSFV, IFN antagonist, bovine viral diarrhea virus, classical swine fever virus, epidemiology, evolution, innate immunity
URI:	https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/66687