Long distance root–shoot signalling in plant–insect community interactions

Soler, Roxina; Erb, Matthias; Kaplan, Ian (2013). Long distance root–shoot signalling in plant–insect community interactions. Trends in Plant Science, 18(3), pp. 149-156. Elsevier Current Trends 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.08.010

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Plants mediate interactions between insects, including leaf- and root-feeders; yet the underlying mechanisms and connection with ecological theory remain unresolved. In this review, based on novel insights into long-distance (i.e., leaf–leaf, root–shoot) defence signalling, we explore the role of phytohormones in driving broad-scale patterns of aboveground–belowground interactions that can be extrapolated to general plant–insect relationships. We propose that the outcome of intra-feeding guild interactions is generally negative due to induction of similar phytohormonal pathways, whereas between-guild interactions are often positive due to negative signal crosstalk. However, not all outcomes could be explained by feeding guild; we argue that future studies should target ecologically representative plant–insect systems, distinguish subguilds, and include plant growth hormones to improve our understanding of plant-mediated interactions.

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