Toward Cove-Edged Low Band Gap Graphene Nanoribbons

Liu, Junzhi; Li, Bo-Wei; Tan, Yuan-Zhi; Giannakopoulos, Angelos; Sanchez-Sanchez, Carlos; Beljonne, David; Ruffieux, Pascal; Fasel, Roman; Feng, Xinliang; Müllen, Klaus (2015). Toward Cove-Edged Low Band Gap Graphene Nanoribbons. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 137(18), pp. 6097-6103. American Chemical Society 10.1021/jacs.5b03017

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Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), defined as nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have attracted increasing attention as promising candidates for next-generation semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate a bottom-up strategy toward novel low band gap GNRs (E-g = 1.70 eV) with a well-defined cove-type periphery both in solution and on a solid substrate surface with chrysene as the key monomer. Corresponding cyclized chrysene-based oligornerS consisting of the dimer and tetramer are obtained via an Ullmann Coupling followed by oxidative intramolecular cyclodehydrogenation in solution, and much higher GNR homologues via on-surface synthesis. These oligomers adopt nonplanar structures due to the isteric repulsion between the two C-H bonds at the inner cove position. Characterizations by single crystal X-ray analysis, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) are described. The interpretation is assisted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

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