Hepatitis B Infection, Viral Load and Resistance in HIV-Infected Patients in Mozambique and Zambia.

Wandeler, Gilles; Musukuma, Kalo; Zürcher, Samuel; Vinikoor, Michael J; Llenas-García, Jara; Aly, Mussa M; Mulenga, Lloyd; Chi, Benjamin H; Ehmer, Jochen; Hobbins, Michael A; Bolton-Moore, Carolyn; Hoffmann, Christopher J; Egger, Matthias (2016). Hepatitis B Infection, Viral Load and Resistance in HIV-Infected Patients in Mozambique and Zambia. PLoS ONE, 11(3), e0152043. Public Library of Science 10.1371/journal.pone.0152043

[img]
Preview
Text
asset.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY).

Download (435kB) | Preview

BACKGROUND

Few data on the virological determinants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are available from southern Africa.

METHODS

We enrolled consecutive HIV-infected adult patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) at two urban clinics in Zambia and four rural clinics in Northern Mozambique between May 2013 and August 2014. HBsAg screening was performed using the Determine® rapid test. Quantitative real-time PCR and HBV sequencing were performed in HBsAg-positive patients. Risk factors for HBV infection were evaluated using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests and associations between baseline characteristics and high level HBV replication explored in multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS

Seventy-eight of 1,032 participants in Mozambique (7.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.1-9.3) and 90 of 797 in Zambia (11.3%, 95% CI: 9.3-13.4) were HBsAg-positive. HBsAg-positive individuals were less likely to be female compared to HBsAg-negative ones (52.3% vs. 66.1%, p<0.001). Among 156 (92.9%) HBsAg-positive patients with an available measurement, median HBV viral load was 13,645 IU/mL (interquartile range: 192-8,617,488 IU/mL) and 77 (49.4%) had high values (>20,000 UI/mL). HBsAg-positive individuals had higher levels of ALT and AST compared to HBsAg-negative ones (both p<0.001). In multivariable analyses, male sex (adjusted odds ratio: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.22-5.53) and CD4 cell count below 200/μl (2.58, 1.20-5.54) were associated with high HBV DNA. HBV genotypes A1 (58.8%) and E (38.2%) were most prevalent. Four patients had probable resistance to lamivudine and/or entecavir.

CONCLUSION

One half of HBsAg-positive patients demonstrated high HBV viremia, supporting the early initiation of tenofovir-containing ART in HIV/HBV-coinfected adults.

Item Type:

Journal Article (Original Article)

Division/Institute:

04 Faculty of Medicine > Pre-clinic Human Medicine > Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)
04 Faculty of Medicine > Department of Haematology, Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Pharmacy (DOLS) > Clinic of Infectiology
04 Faculty of Medicine > Service Sector > Institute for Infectious Diseases

UniBE Contributor:

Wandeler, Gilles, Zürcher, Samuel, Egger, Matthias

Subjects:

300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology > 360 Social problems & social services
600 Technology > 610 Medicine & health
500 Science > 570 Life sciences; biology

ISSN:

1932-6203

Publisher:

Public Library of Science

Language:

English

Submitter:

Annelies Luginbühl

Date Deposited:

28 Apr 2016 16:39

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2022 14:55

Publisher DOI:

10.1371/journal.pone.0152043

PubMed ID:

27032097

BORIS DOI:

10.7892/boris.80874

URI:

https://boris.unibe.ch/id/eprint/80874

Actions (login required)

Edit item Edit item
Provide Feedback